Menopause and Hormone Therapy

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Dr Kelly Loi

Senior Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist

Medical Director & Clinical Governance Officer (CGO) of Monash IVF Singapore

Medical Director of Health & Fertility Centre for Women

Menopause Management in Singapore and Hormone Therapy

Menopause refers to the cessation of menstrual cycles and reflects the depletion of oocytes or eggs in the ovary. The average age of menopause is 50 years old. During the transition phase, for some women, there may be no symptoms but for others, there may be difficulty coping due to severe symptoms. Common menopause symptoms include:

Hot flushes
Night sweats
Mood swings
Anxiety
Insomnia
Lack of energy and drive
Increased risk of depression
Vaginal dryness and pain during sex

A middle-aged woman sitting on a couch looking downward with a worried expression.

Long term, there may be vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse as well as urinary symptoms. Other serious concerns include increased risks of breast and ovarian cancer, osteoporosis, heart disease and stroke.

Menopause symptoms can be so severe that even daily activities become a burden. The situation is often worsened by stress from work and family commitments.

Depending on your symptoms and health risk profile, you will be advised on how best to manage the changes that your body is undergoing.

Advice will be given regarding:

Diet & lifestyle tips
Nutritional supplements
Use of hormone replacement therapy

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How Can Hormone Therapy Help?

Hormone therapy can help reduce menopausal symptoms, including:

Relief of night sweats, hot flushes
Improve mood, energy, concentration and sleep
Improve vaginal dryness and enhance libido (sex drive)

With proper monitoring and regular health screening, most symptomatic women will benefit from such treatments. Women can then greet menopause with confidence and embrace the latter half of their lives with optimism and energy.

FAQs

Most women go through menopause between the ages of 45 and 55 as a natural part of ageing. However, some women experience early, premature, or late-onset menopause. These are not common and should be evaluated by a gynaecologist.

Menopause normally does not require treatment. But in patients who experience severe symptoms, treatments are available to relieve those symptoms and manage age-related conditions. Treatment is often centred around hormone replacement therapy.

Early menopause occurs when ovarian function ceases before age 45, while delayed menopause refers to the onset of menopause after age 55. This can arise from genetic factors, autoimmune disorders, or may be due to unknown causes.

The duration of menopause symptoms varies for each person and normally lasts a few years. Symptoms include hot flashes, excessive sweating, mood swings, brain fog, loss of libido, vaginal dryness and insomnia.

Bone density decreases as oestrogen levels drop before and after menopause, raising the risk of osteoporosis—a condition where bones become fragile and more prone to fractures. On average, women lose up to 10% of their bone density in the first 5 years after menopause.

Menopause is linked to an increased risk of several health issues, including osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, weight gain, and changes in metabolism (causing weight gain).

Dr Kelly Loi

Medical Director

BMBCh (Oxford), FRCOG (UK), FAMS (Singapore)

Dr Kelly Loi is the Medical Director of Health & Fertility Centre for Women and Monash IVF Singapore. She is known for her work in fertility and women’s health, with a focus on providing personalised and evidence-based care for women at different stages of their reproductive journey.

Dr Loi’s clinical interests include fertility, gynaecology, obstetrics, as well as minimally invasive laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery. She supports women through a wide range of reproductive and gynaecological concerns, providing menopause management and hormone therapy tailored to each stage of life.

She has also completed clinical attachments at internationally recognised institutions including Johns Hopkins Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, further deepening her experience in fertility care and reproductive medicine.

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Take the First Step Towards Your Health and Fertility Journey

— Schedule a Consultation at 6235 5066

Menopause and Hormone Therapy

What is the average age of menopause?

What is the best treatment for menopause?

What is early or delayed menopause?

How long do menopause symptoms last?

How does menopause affect women’s bone health?

Does menopause increase the risk of other health issues?

Dr Kelly Loi